Table of contents   

PREVALENCE AND ETIOLOGY OF TRAUMATIC DENTAL INJURIES IN 8-14 YEAR OLD CHILDREN IN HYDERABAD CITY - AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY   

Abstract: Objectives: To assess the prevalence, type and cause of traumatic injuries to anterior teeth among 8 to 14 year old school going children in Hyderabad city.

Study Design: A total of 2350 children from various schools across Hyderabad including1245 girls and 1105 boys in the age group of 8 to 14 years were included in the study. The presence of traumatic dental injuries was assessed by clinical examination and the type of injury if present was classified according to Ellis classification. Data regarding the place and cause of injury was also noted through a questionnaire.

Results: A prevalence rate of 2.6% for traumatic dental injuries was noted in the present study. Males were more affected than females in the ratio 2.8:1. Ellis class II fractures were the most common type of fractures closely followed by Ellis class III. Maxillary central incisors were the most commonly affected teeth. Accidental falls at home accounted for most of the causes of trauma followed by falls at school and Road Traffic Accidents.

Conclusion: Community and School Dental Education programs must be conducted on a large scale basis to increase awareness among the population regarding these injuries and their management.

Keywords: Prevalence, Trauma, Dental injuries, Anterior teeth fractures, Ellis Fractures.

CHLORHEXIDINE FOR LOCAL DRUG DELIVERY IN PERIODONTITIS – A REVIEW   

Abstract: Periodontitis is caused by host bacterial interactions, which leads to inflammation, pocket formation, destruction of attachment apparatus of teeth, eventually leading to tooth loss. Scaling and root planing (SRP) is considered as gold standard to attain and maintain periodontal health by elimination of bacterial plaque. Perioceutics, which includes the delivery of therapeutic agents via systemic and local means as an adjunct to mechanical therapy has revolutionized the arena of periodontal therapy. Irrigating systems, fibers, gels, strips, films, microparticles, nanoparticles and low dose antimicrobial agents are some of the local drug delivery (LDD) systems available in the field, which deliver antimicrobial agents to sub-gingival diseased sites with minimal side-effects. Over the year’s chlorhexidine (CHX) has been used in the dental practice as an excellent antiplaque agent. Chlorhexidine not only exhibits special property of substantivity, it also possesses a broad antimicrobial spectrum which makes its use in wide variety of oral disorders. The aim of present review is to discuss the role of Chlorhexidine as local drug delivery in periodontitis.

Keywords: Periodontitis, Scaling and root planning, Local drug delivery, Chlorhexidine

CYANOACRYLATE TISSUE ADHESIVES: A PRACTICAL ALTERNATIVE TO SUTURES?   

Abstract: Cyanoacrylate is a tissue adhesive, which has been widely used in the area of medicine and dentistry for wound closure and for improving healing. It is used in areas free of tension and in superficial wounds. It is widely used in gingivectomy, flap surgery and for closure of wounds in the soft tissue graft donor site in the palate. The material can be spread easily, readily wets the surface to which it is applied and produces very little heat. It will stick virtually to any biological or synthetic material. Although it has more tensile strength compared to sutures, it cannot adhere to tissues under tension. The aim of the present review is to discuss the role of cyanoacrylate as an alternative to silk sutures.

Keywords: Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive, silk suture, flap surgeries.

INJECTABLE PLATELET RICH FIBRIN   

Abstract: Platelet concentration [PC] has been utilized in regenerative dentistry as a supra-physiological concentrate of autologous growth factors capable of stimulating tissue regeneration. The objective of all these technologies is to extract all the elements from a blood sample that could be used to improve healing and promote tissue regeneration. Although leukocyte rich and leukocyte poor PC have their place in literature, the importance of non-platelet components in a platelet concentrate remains a mystery. PC has come a long way since its first appearance in 1970s to the T-PRF, A-PRF and i-PRF introduced recently. Platelet concentration has almost replaced platelet-rich plasma, owing to its advantages such as being 100% autogenous, ease of technique and cost-effectiveness with superior and prolonged growth factor release. These Platelet concentrates are frequently used for surgical procedures in dentistry. It has various application in periodontics, for treating gingival recession, guided bone and periodontal regeneration and in the management of peri-implant defects. It is also widely experimented for pulpal regenerative therapy. Hence the aim of this article is to review the biological properties of platelet-rich fibrin and the advancement in the PRF technologies since its inception

Keywords: Platelet concentrates, growth factors, platelet rich fibrin

PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION WITH IgY ANTIBODIES- A REVIEW   

Abstract: Specific antibodies from hen egg yolk preparations (IgY) have attracted considerable attention in recent years, and have been studied extensively with oral and gastrointestinal pathogens in both humans and animals. Advantages of an IgY-based therapy include reduced cost, biosafety, and easy preparation in large quantities using eggs from immunized hens. This article presents an overview of role of IgY Antibodies in nutrition and diseases prevention.

Keywords: IgY, hen egg yolk antibody, immunisation

BONE ANCHORED MAXILLARY PROTRACTION : A CASE REPORT   

Abstract: This case report describes the treatment of skeletal class III malocclusion with retrognathic maxilla using skeletal anchorage device and intermaxillary elastics. BAMP is an alternative method to treat skeletal class III cases 

Keywords: BAMP, skeletal class III, Protraction

TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE COMPLETE DENTURE AESTHETICS USING CHEEK PLUMPER APPLIANCE: A CASE REPORT   

Abstract: Aesthetics plays an important role in complete denture treatment. Prosthetic rehabilitation of a completely edentulous patient no longer confines to only the replacement of missing teeth. Nowadays patients are too demanding for improvement in esthetics at the completion of treatment. The loss of support of the facial musculature is of great concern in treating completely edentulous patients. Sunken cheeks are one of the major consequences of flaccid facial musculature. Natural teeth should be preserved but at the same time, clinician must be aware of the edentulous ridge that could be destroyed by forces exerted on the denture during function. Further, it has a greater impact on the aesthetics as well as the psychology of the patient. Cheek plumper appliances can restore such facial delinquencies. The underlying principle for providing this appliance is that some patients have depressed cheeks and require extra support for improved facial aesthetics. Literature has well evidenced the extensive usage of magnets as attachments, but it has been shown that magnets lose their magnetic property over a period leading to failure of treatment. However, push buttons that were used in the cheek plumpers seems to increase the durability of the check plumper appliances. This clinical report describes a simple technique to improve support for sunken cheeks using detachable acrylic cheek plumper.

Keywords: Cheek Plumpers, Facial Esthetics, Sunken Cheeks, Pre fabricated attachment

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